How does \Magento\ConfigurableProduct\Model\Product\ReadHandler::getLinkedProducts() work?

Context: How does \Magento\ConfigurableProduct\Model\Product\ReadHandler::execute() work?

Details: How does \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product::getTypeInstance() work?

How does \Magento\ConfigurableProduct\Model\Product\Type\Configurable::getChildrenIds() work?