How to fix the «Integrity constraint violation: Duplicate entry for key 'SALES_ORDER_INCREMENT_ID_STORE_ID'» failure?

Issues
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1

Descriptions:

https://github.com/magento/magento2/issues/4474

https://github.com/magento/magento2/issues/4580

https://github.com/magento/magento2/issues/10154

2

It looks like it is fixed at 2016-10-06 in Magento 2.2:

https://github.com/magento/magento2/commit/fe97d9e4