Details: How does \Magento\Setup\Model\Installer.php::assertDeploymentConfigExists() work?
\Magento\Setup\Model\Installer.php::assertDeploymentConfigExists()
Details: How does \Magento\Framework\Module\ModuleList\Loader::load() work?
\Magento\Framework\Module\ModuleList\Loader::load()
See also:
app/etc/config.php
\Magento\Framework\Module\Status::setIsEnabled()
app/etc/env.php